In your picture, it seems like you clicked that reddit link. Did you try that method? If not, then do this:
1) Open a new tab in Microsoft Edge, and go to this address:
edge://flags
2) In the search bar on that page, insert:
edge-visual-rejuv-mica
3) Set that setting to: Disabled
See if that solves the issue. If not, try the information under the equal signs below.
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If the above doesn't work, then try this:
According to this thread, you can try to reinstall Edge:
The option bar font size became smaller. How can I change back to normal?
learn.microsoft.com
Here is the link to download the offline installer:
Download Microsoft Edge for Windows, Mac, Linux, iOS, and Android. Get fast, secure browsing with AI features and sync across devices.
www.microsoft.com
When you click the link, press: Continue to download Edge