Windows 11 security

Does the Windows 11 OS have any increased security features itself or is the increased security due to the supposed requirement for TPM and Secure Boot?

Thus far it has pretty much the same things that you can find in Windows 10 20H2.

Moving forward, though, I'm expecting more to be implemented.

I do think that in time the reason for MS wanting TPM, Secure Boot and newer hardware requirements will make sense. I doubt it's because they are going to make money by forcing people to scrap their old devices.

I would guess that Microsoft think that most people tend to leave themselves very vulnerable to even basic attacks and are trying to improve things. We are fortunate that the high end attackers are not interested in individuals and go for much larger targets. And whatever the big corporations and banks use for security is not always proof against these people and state controlled interference.

How do you think they are getting to those big targets?

If I knew that, I would be rich as a security consultant. Maybe the targets get complacent and think they are invincable.
My old firm had lots of pc's on the workshop floor, all connected to the internet, and people simply abused it. Emails were sent from one pc to the next one and the security was pathetic. They got hacked eventually, but I dont know if any great improvements were added. If I had had any say, all but a few vital pc's would have been disconnected from the internet, and the internal phone system used instead. Any pc's connected to the internet should have been stand alone so that any hacking was restricted. Our IT man would have liked to change to Linux, but the management were too afraid og the change.

That is some of it. WFH is some of it. Users conducting business via insecure home networks (but not working from home, just off hours) part of it.

Social engineering is a thing. These are not the only vectors, of course, but neither can they be ignored because they are seemingly insignificant.

The world continues to change, and Microsoft is simply adapting and moving forward.