Many error messages one receives are most time vague and catch-all. On MS site it states that particular error is a catch-all error. You must look at the upgrade log to get the actual failure. The phase where yours is failing is exactly where mine did...the phase where window.old is created. As was stated, if you do not have enough disk space to create window.old, you will get this message, but that's not the only reason.
I tried all the stuff that has been suggested here, but you'll go around in circles if you don't look at the log. In my case, the error log output which is in Microsoft speak, kept repeating the word 'duplicate profile' with not much more info for me to go on. Sure enough when I went to the registry
\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\
4 different user accounts were using the same profile.
I tried creating a new user and manually deleting the additional profiles and all the normal trouble shooting steps. I even restored 5 different old images, but it still failed so something else in the registry still prevented the upgrade. I finally spent 20 hours clean installing,recovering data, and getting the system back like it was.
In particular, the following log files are created when an upgrade fails during installation before the computer restarts for the second time. You have to look at these logs to get an idea of what's causing the failure. I found mine in C:\$Windows.~BT\Sources\Rollback\setupact.err
:
- C:\$Windows.~BT\Sources\panther\setupact.log
- C:\$Windows.~BT\Sources\panther\miglog.xml
- C:\Windows\setupapi.log
- [Windows 10:] C:\Windows\Logs\MoSetup\BlueBox.log
- C:\Windows\inf\setupapi.app.log
- C:\Windows\inf\setupapi.dev.log
- C:\Windows\panther\PreGatherPnPList.log
- C:\Windows\panther\PostApplyPnPList.log
- C:\Windows\memory.dmp
The following log files are created when an upgrade fails, and then you restore the desktop:
- C:\$Windows.~BT\Sources\panther\setupact.log
- C:\$Windows.~BT\Sources\panther\miglog.xml
- C:\$Windows.~BT\sources\panther\setupapi\setupapi.dev.log
- C:\$Windows.~BT\sources\panther\setupapi\setupapi.app.log
- C:\Windows\memory.dmp
The following log files are created when an upgrade fails, and the installation rollback is initiated:
- C:\$Windows.~BT\Sources\Rollback\setupact.log
- C:\$Windows.~BT\Sources\Rollback\setupact.err